北斗卫星导航系统的发展历程及其发展趋势

The developed procedures and developing trends of BeiDou satellite navigation system

北斗卫星导航系统既是我国的一张国家名片,也是国之重器。建议将北斗卫星导航系统的英文名称命名为"BeiDou",而不是"BDS","北斗(BeiDou)"在汉语中不仅是一个穿越古今的"导航"名称,而且可以保持中英文发音一致;讨论了我国建设BeiDou的艰辛历程,包括解决了中欧的导航频率之争,在国外禁运星载原子钟后,依靠我国自主创新,研制了高精度的星载铷原子钟和氢原子钟;介绍了北斗一号、北斗二号及北斗三号的定位原理及特点,通过与其他卫星导航系统的兼容与互操作,充分发挥BeiDou的短报文通信优势,才能够顺利地嵌入业已成熟的卫星导航市场;最后展望了BeiDou与第5代移动技术(5G)相结合的应用前景。

The BeiDou satellite navigation system is not only a national sign of China,but also a key infrastructure of our country.It is recommended that the English name of the BeiDou satellite navigation system be named"BeiDou"instead of"BDS".BeiDou is not only a"navigation"name which has traversed the past and the present in Chinese,but also maintains the same pronunciation in Chinese and in English.This paper was discussed the difficulties in establishment of BeiDou,including the resolution of the navigation frequency dispute between China and Europe.After the embargo of oversea spaceborne atomic clocks,the Chinese scientists developed independently high-precision spaceborne rubidium atomic clocks and hydrogen atomic clocks.The positioning principles and characteristics of BeiDou-1,BeiDou-2 and BeiDou-3 are introduced.Working together with other satellite navigation systems in the compatibility and interoperability,and carrying forward the advantages of BeiDou’s short message communication,it is possible for that BeiDou will be successfully embedded in the mature satellite navigation market.Finally,application scenarios of combining BeiDou and the the fifth generation of mobile network communication technology(5G)are prospected.