低温等离子体调控细胞增殖和凋亡的研究进展及其在畜牧业的应用

Research Progress of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis Regulated by Non-thermal Plasma and Its Application in Animal Husbandry

低温等离子体(non-thermal plasma,NTP)是轻度电离的等离子体,其离子和中性粒子温度远低于电子温度,使得整个放电体系呈现低温状态,目前广泛应用于灭菌消毒、疫苗生产、口腔治疗、伤口愈合和癌症治疗等生物医学领域。NTP产生的活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)及活性氮(reactive nitrogen species,RNS)对于细胞增殖和凋亡的调控作用具有剂量依赖性,在低强度和短时间时,NTP产生较低水平的ROS和RNS可以诱导细胞增殖和血管生成,从而加速伤口愈合;高强度和长时间的NTP处理则会抑制细胞增殖甚至诱发细胞凋亡,但NTP调控细胞增殖和凋亡的机制及其在畜牧业的潜在应用目前还不清楚。因此本文综述了NTP对内皮细胞、角质形成细胞、成纤维细胞、干细胞和恶性肿瘤细胞的影响及可能机制,为NTP应用于伤口愈合和癌症治疗提供理论依据;并且本文还总结了NTP在畜禽动物的饲养环境与健康、生长与繁殖性能以及动物食品加工与保存方面的潜在应用,为促进我国畜牧业生产和保障动物食品安全奠定基础。

Non-thermal plasma(NTP)is the slightly ionized plasma.The temperature of its ions and neutral particles is far lower than that of electrons,making the whole discharge system in a low temperature state.At present,NTP is widely used in the sterilization,vaccine production,oral treatment,wound healing,cancer treatment and other biomedical fields.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)and reactive nitrogen species(RNS)produced by NTP have dose-dependent regulatrory effects on the cell proliferation and apoptosis.NTP treatments at a low intensity and short time can generate low levels of ROS and RNS,which will induce the cell proliferation and angiogenesis and thus to accelerate the wound healing.NTP treatments at a high intensity and long time can inhibit the cell proliferation and even induce the cell apoptosis.However,the mechanism of NTP regulating the cell proliferation and apoptosis and its potential application in the animal husbandry are still unclear.Therefore,this paper reviews the effects and possible mechanisms of NTP on endothelial cells,keratinocytes,fibroblasts,stem cells and malignant tumor cells,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application of NTP in the wound healing and cancer treatment.This paper also summarizes the potential applications of NTP in the breeding environment and health,the growth and reproductive performance of livestock and poultry,as well as the animal food processing and preservation,so as to lay a foundation for promoting the animal husbandry production and ensuring the animal food safety in China.