新城疫病毒M蛋白与宿主蛋白相互作用的研究进展

Research Progress on the Interactions of Newcastle Disease Virus M Protein with Host Proteins

新城疫病毒(Newcastle disease virus,NDV)是单股负链不分节段的RNA病毒,其基因组大小约为15.2 kb,编码6种结构蛋白和2种非结构蛋白。由于NDV基因组较小,不能编码病毒复制需要的所有蛋白,因此必须借助宿主蛋白来完成NDV的生活周期。M蛋白是一种非糖基化膜相关蛋白,在抑制宿主细胞基因转录、调节病毒基因组复制和转录、促进子代病毒粒子组装和出芽等方面具有重要作用。目前,国内外在M蛋白与NDV毒力和复制的关系,以及以M蛋白为核心的病毒样颗粒形成和利用方面取得了较大的研究进展,但是对M蛋白与宿主蛋白相互作用以及M蛋白如何调控NDV的复制研究进展相对缓慢。鉴于M蛋白在NDV复制中的重要作用,本文主要从M蛋白的结构特征和细胞内定位特征,以及M蛋白与宿主蛋白相互作用的功能研究方面进行综述,以期为更好地认识和研究M蛋白在NDV复制和致病性中的作用提供参考。

Newcastle disease virus(NDV)is a kind of single-stranded negative-sense non-segmented RNA virus,which contains the genome size of about 15.2 kb in length that encodes six structural proteins and two non-structural proteins.Since the NDV genome is smaller,it cannot encode all the proteins needed for viral replication,thus host proteins must be employed to complete the life cycle of NDV.The NDV M protein is a non-glycosylated membrane-associated protein,which plays essential roles in inhibiting host cell gene transcription,regulating the replication and transcription of the NDV genome,and promoting the assembly and budding of progeny virions.At present,great research progresses have been made in the relationship between M protein and NDV virulence and replication,and the formation and utilization of M protein-based virus-like particles.However,there has little progress about the roles of NDV M protein interaction with host proteins in regulating NDV replication.Due to the crucial roles of M protein in NDV replication,this summary mainly reviews the structural characteristics and intracellular localization characteristics of M protein,and also the functional study on the interactions between M protein and host proteins,which will provide theoretical references for better understanding and studying the role of M protein in the replication and pathogenicity of NDV.