六经时期“君子”概念的变化与孔子的“君子政治”

The change of the concept of “the Gentleman”and Confucius’ “Politics of the Noble” in the era of “ Six Classics”

在《诗》《书》《易》所代表的"六经"时代,周人在政权合法性的忧患意识下,将"德"赋予了天子、君王及执政阶层的"君子"。在礼坏乐崩的春秋末期,孔子在揭示君子德位分离的现实后,提出了君子德位统一的主张。在孔子那里,居于执政地位的公卿大夫——"君子",更应当成为有德的"君子",并发挥道德引导作用。孔子的"君子政治"思想强调,君子要反思并敬畏自己的政治责任和政治德行,使其从政行为具有存在的意义。

In the era of “Six Classics” represented by Book of Songs, Book of Books and Book of Changes,people of Zhou Dynasty, under the caring and suffering consciousness of the legal combination of politics and power, endowed the Virtue to the Son of Heaven, the ruler and the Gentlemen in the ruling class. At the end of Spring and Autumn when rites were gone and social order was broken, Confucius, after disclosing the reality that the Gentleman and the Virtuous were disintegrated, proposed that the two should be combined as the Noble. According to Confucius, the Gentleman who held political power, should become the Noble with Virtue, and should play the role of moral guidance. Confucius’ “Politics of the Noble” emphasizes that the Gentleman should often reflect on and revere his own political responsibilities and political virtue, so as to make his own political involvements of great significance.