火灾致塌建筑案例分析及现场救援应对策略

Discussion on fire-caused building collapse cases and in-situ emergency rescue strategies

总结回顾了我国近年来的火灾事故变化趋势,收集整理了自1994年以来国内20例火灾致倒塌并连带人员伤亡典型案例,从建筑物使用功能、结构类型、倒塌特征以及倒塌用时等4个方面进行了梳理分析,给出了不同类型建筑结构的一般火灾倒塌原因及耐火时限统计规律,并提出了针对不同类型建筑结构的火灾现场实战应对策略。

This paper summarized the change trends of fire accidents in recent years in China,collected 20 cases of fire-caused building collapse events associated with casualties since 1994.The collapse mechanism was analyzed from four correlated aspects such as the building functionality,structural type,collapse characteristics and time of collapsing.The actual fire-resistance duration limit for different type of building structures as well as the collapse causes were statistically summarized and discussed.Moreover,the in-situ fire fight and rescue strategy for typical building structures were suggested.