动因、进路、效果:《劳动界》引导工人阶级意识觉醒的三维分析

Motivation,Approach,and Effect:A Three-dimensional Analysis of The World of Labor in Guiding the Awakening of Working Class Consciousness

阶级意识的觉醒是工人阶级正式登上历史舞台的标志。上海共产党早期组织创办《劳动界》引导工人阶级觉醒,既是由于工人阶级意识不足而导致早期工人运动效果不佳这一现实的需要,也是早期共产党人作为马克思主义理论者捍卫马克思主义实践性的要求。在这双重动因之下,《劳动界》同人以揭示工人现实处境的实质、阐明剥削的原理、指明斗争的方向为理论进路,层层递进,使工人理解了斗争的正当性,初窥了资本主义的本质,为此后共产党人领导工人阶级从分散的经济斗争走向有组织的经济斗争与政治斗争,从自在阶级蜕变成自为阶级打下了理论基础。

The awakening of class consciousness is a sign that the working class has officially stepped onto the stage of history.The reason for the early formation of the Shanghai Communist Party and the establishment of The World of Labor was not only the fact that the early labor movement was not effective due to insufficient working class consciousness,but also the requirement of the early Communists as Marxist theorists to defend the practicality of Marxism.Under this dual motivation,the colleagues in The World of Labor revealed the essence of the workers'actual situation,clarified the principle of exploitation,pointed out the direction of the struggle,and made the workers understand the legitimacy of the struggle and the nature of capitalism.This laid the theoretical foundation for the working class to move from a decentralized economic struggle to an organized economic and political struggle,and from a free class to a self-made class.