日本对中亚国家的“高质量基础设施”援助及其对华启示

Japan's"High Quality Infrastructure"Assistance to Central Asian Countries and Its Implications for China

日本从2015年开始调整对中亚国家的援助政策,突出表现为以“高质量基础设施”援助为指引,大力加强对交通、电力、农业等基础设施领域的援助。既有拓宽能源进口渠道、实现政治大国目标等传统内在战略诉求,也有应对“丝绸之路经济带”、平衡中国在中亚地区影响力的外在战略考量。日本的援助一定程度上深化了与中亚国家关系并提升中亚民众对日好感度,但很难在能源获取和追求政治大国方面取得突破。“高质量基础设施”援助不会对中国产生较大负面影响,但其特点及成效对提高中国对中亚国家基建援助的有效性具有一定启示作用。

Japan has been adjusting its aid policy to Central Asian countries since 2015,highlighting the"high-quality infrastructure"aid as a guideline and vigorously strengthening its aid to infrastructure and other fields.Japan's move is based on its traditional strategic demands,such as widening energy import chan-nels and achieving political power goals,as well as external strategic considerations to respond to the Silk Road Economic Belt and balance China's influence in Central Asia.From the perspective of the implementa-tion effect,although it has deepened Japan's relations with Central Asian countries and raised the goodwill of Central Asian countries and people toward Japan to a certain extent,it is still difficult to achieve a break-through in energy acquisition and the pursuit of political power.In terms of counterbalancing China,the ad-justment of Japan's aid policy to Central Asian countries will not have a significant negative impact on Chi-na,and the characteristics and results of its aid will be instructive for improving the effectiveness of China's infrastructure aid to Central Asian countries.