不同菌肥对华重楼根际土壤微生物多样性及理化性质的影响

Effects of Different Bacterial Fertilizers on Microbial Diversity, Physical and Chemical Properties of Rhizosphere Soil of Paris polyphylla var.chinensis

为更好地筛选适合华重楼(Paris polyphylla var.chinensis)人工栽培的微生物菌肥种类,为华重楼的产业化生产提供理论参考,本研究以华重楼为材料,采用高通量测序技术分析不同菌肥处理对华重楼根际土壤微生物多样性的影响。结果表明:经不同施肥处理的华重楼根际土壤中共检测出细菌类群23门57纲125目185科284属525种,真菌8门26纲54目66科69属82种。主要优势细菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)。优势真菌门为担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和毛霉菌门(Mucoromycota)。施用枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)后,细菌丰富度和多样性显著下降,而解淀粉芽孢杆菌(B.amyloliquefaciens)对细菌丰富度和多样性无显著影响。两种菌肥均对根际土壤中真菌数量的影响不显著,枯草芽孢杆菌可以显著提高真菌群落的多样性,而解淀粉芽孢杆菌则会显著降低真菌的多样性。两种微生物菌肥均会引起根际土壤中全钾(TK)、有机碳(TOC)、速效钾(AK)含量显著下降,pH值显著上升;单独施用枯草芽孢杆菌和两种菌肥混施处理时全氮(TN)含量显著下降,而单独施用解淀粉芽孢杆菌时TN含量显著上升。两种微生物菌肥对华重楼根际土壤微生物群落结构和多样性影响不同,施加微生物菌肥后会引起根际土壤理化性质发生显著变化。

In order to better screen the types of microbial fertilizer suitable for artificial cultivation of Paris polyphylla var.chinensis and provide a theoretical reference for the industrial production of Paris polyphylla var.chinensis, the high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the effects of different bacterial fertilizer treatments on rhizosphere soil microbes of P.polyphylla var.chinensis. The results showed that there were 23 phyla, 57 classes, 125 orders, 185 families, 284 genera, and 525 species of bacterial groups detected in rhizosphere soil of P.polyphylla var.chinensis under different fertilization treatments.And 8 phyla, 26 classes, 54 orders, 66 families, 69 genera and 82 species of fungus groups were detected.Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi were the dominant bacteria.Basidiomycota, Ascomycota and Mucoromycota were the dominant fungi.After application of Bacillus subtilis, the richness and diversity of bacteria decreased significantly, while B.amyloliquefaciens had no significant effect on bacterial richness and diversity.Both of the two bacterial fertilizers have no significant effect on the number of fungi in the rhizosphere soil. But B.subtilis could significantly increase the diversity of the fungal community, which would significantly decrease when B.amyloliquefaciens was applied.Both microbial fertilizers could cause a significant decrease in the content of TK,TOC and AK in the rhizosphere soil, and the pH value increased significantly.The total nitrogen(TN) content decreased significantly when B.subtilis was applied alone and the two bacterial fertilizers were mixed, while the TN content increased significantly when B.amyloliquefaciens was applied alone.The two kinds of microbial fertilizers have different effects on the microbial community structure and diversity of the rhizosphere soil of P.polyphylla var.chinensis, and the application of microbial fertilizer would cause significant changes in the physical and chemical properties of the rhizosphere soil.