增强光动力治疗肿瘤的应用研究进展

Advances in methods to enhance the efficacy of photodynamic therapy on tumors

光动力疗法(PDT)是一种相对较新且有前景的肿瘤治疗方法,主要是通过光敏剂、氧及光源之间的相互作用而产生单线态氧及活性氧簇,从而选择性地杀伤肿瘤细胞。PDT治疗肿瘤适应症较为广泛,有较高的肿瘤选择性和极低的耐药性,且毒副作用较低,在临床上得到广泛的应用,但存在如光源及光敏剂的穿透深度较弱,光敏剂局部生物利用度不高等缺点。本文对近年来针对光敏剂、光源的改良以及PDT联合药物治疗、PDT介导的肿瘤疫苗几个方面进行文献综述,探讨未来PDT治疗肿瘤的新方向。

Photodynamic therapy(PDT) is a relatively new and promising tumor treatment method. It selectively kills tumor cells by exciting singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species through the interaction among photosensitizer, oxygen and light source. PDT has the advantages of broad indications, high tumor selectivity, extremely low drug resistance and low toxicity, so it has been widely used in clinical practice. However, there are some defects in photodynamic therapy, such as weak penetration depth of light source and photosensitizer, and low local bioavailability of photosensitizer.In this paper, we reviewed the improvement of PDT for tumors in recent years, including photosensitizer, light source, PDT with medical therapy, PDT-mediated tumor vaccine, and discussed the new direction for PDT to treat tumors in the future.