榛子中马拉硫磷和氰戊菊酯的残留分析及膳食风险评估

Residue analysis and dietary risk assessment of malathion and fenvalerate in hazelnut

[目的]为了评价马拉硫磷和氰戊菊酯在辽宁特色作物榛子上的安全性,开展农药残留及消解研究,并对膳食风险进行评估。[方法]采用1年2地田间试验,设计消解动态和最终残留试验,三重四极杆气相色谱串联质谱对样品进行分析。[结果]马拉硫磷在榛子苞片中的平均回收率为85.7%~100.8%,变异系数为1.3%~4.8%;榛仁中的平均回收率为81.2%~89.2%,变异系数为2.8%~5.1%。氰戊菊酯在榛子苞片中的平均回收率为82.6%~89.6%,变异系数为4.0%~12.5%;榛仁中的平均回收率为100.3%~101.1%,变异系数为1.2%~3.9%。消解动态试验结果表明:马拉硫磷和氰戊菊酯在榛子中消解较快,半衰期分别为2.2、3.2 d。最终残留试验表明:安全间隔期28 d,榛仁中马拉硫磷和氰戊菊酯最终残留量均<0.01 mg/kg。膳食风险评估结果表明:马拉硫磷和氰戊菊酯在榛子中的残留风险处于安全水平。[结论]在榛子上按推荐方法正确使用20%氰戊·马拉硫磷乳油,无残留及膳食风险。

[Aims] This paper aims to evaluate the safety of malathion and fenvalerate on hazelnut, which was a characteristic crop in Liaoning Province, by studying the pesticide residues and digestion and evaluating the dietary risk.[Methods] A two-year field experiment was conducted to design dynamic digestion and final residue test, and the samples were analyzed by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. [Results] The average recovery of malathion in hazelnut bracts was 85.7-100.8%, and the coefficient of variation was 1.3-4.8%. The average recovery of hazelnut was 81.2-89.2%, and the coefficient of variation was 2.8-5.1%. The average recovery of fenvalerate in hazelnut bracts was 82.6-89.6%, and the coefficient of variation was 4.0-12.5%. The average recovery of hazelnut kernel was 100.3-101.1%, and the coefficient of variation was 1.2-3.9%. The results of dynamic digestion test showed that malathion and fenvalerate were digested rapidly in hazelnut, and the half life were 2.2 and 3.2 d respectively. The final residue test showed that the final residues of malathion and fenvalerate in hazelnut were less than 0.01 mg/kg in the safe interval of 28 days. The results of dietary risk assessment showed that the residual risk of malathion and fenvalerate in hazelnut was at a safe level. [Conclusions] Fenvalerate·malathion 20% EC were used correctly on hazelnut according to the recommended method, and there was no residue and dietary risk.