喷雾液体射流模型研究及应用

Research and Application of Spray Liquid Jet Model

喷雾雾化是液体通过喷嘴进入到气体环境中,经过气体与液体的互相作用使之碎裂成液滴的过程,其中包含着复杂的能量交换、动量交换以及传热过程。燃油雾化是内燃机燃烧过程中的一个重要环节,良好的雾化效果可以促进燃油粒子与空气进行充分混合,从而使燃烧热效率得到提高,进而使内燃机的动力性、经济性以及排放性皆有所改善。由于喷雾液体通过喷嘴的物理结构不同,故所形成的射流形状也不同。主要的射流形式有平面射流、圆柱射流以及环状射流等。文章将对这三种射流形式进行展开研究,从射流的碎裂机理进行深入的分析,通过引入物理方程以及射流表面波理论,将液体射流现象转变为数学模型,从而探究出影响射流雾化效果的关键因素,进而促进喷雾学科的发展。

Spray atomization is a process in which liquid enters into a gas environment through a nozzle,and it is broken down into droplets through the interaction of gas and liquid,which involves complex energy exchange,momentum exchange and heat transfer process.Fuel atomization is an important link in the combustion process of internal combustion engine.Good atomization effect can promote the full mixing of fuel particles and air,so as to improve the thermal efficiency of combustion,and then improve the power performance,economy and emission of internal combustion engine.Due to the different physical structure of the spray liquid through the nozzle,the shape of the jet formed is also different.The main jet forms include plane jet,cylindrical jet and annular jet.In this paper,the three kinds of jet forms are studied,and the deep penetration analysis is carried out from the mechanism of the jet fragmentation.By introducing the physical equation and the theory of the surface wave of the jet,the liquid jet phenomenon is transformed into a mathematical model,and the key factors affecting the atomization effect are explored,thus promoting the development of the spray discipline.