通辽市塞外红苹果桃小食心虫发生规律观察及防治药剂筛选试验

Observation on the Occurrence Regularity of Carposina sasakii and Screening of Pesticide on Malus pumila‘Saiwaihong’in Tongliao

2018~2020年,在开鲁县塞外红苹果园系统观察了桃小食虫发生规律,并开展了防治药剂筛选试验。结果表明:桃小食心虫在通辽地区大多数果园出现较晚,1代/年,少部分果园2代/年,全年发生相对集中,整个发生期历时3个多月,成虫最早出现在6月下旬,但数量较少,连续出现在7月中旬,7月下旬到8月上旬为高蜂期,8月中下旬进入盛末期,9月中旬为终见期,温度对发生量有一定的影响,各年份之间由于出土前的积温不同而有所差异,均值高于18℃时,成虫出现;研究了3个浓度梯度的4种农药对桃小食心虫幼虫防治效果,2.2%甲维盐微乳剂2500倍液、200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂3000倍液的防效分别为89.3%和88.5%,防治效果良好,2.2%甲维盐微乳剂3000倍液、200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂4000倍液的防效分别为85.2%和85.1%。1.5%除虫菊素2000和2500倍液的防治效果最差,分别为63.0%和60.2%,其他各药剂不同浓度处理的防治效果在69.8%~80.3%之间。生产上可推广应用2.2%甲维盐微乳剂2500~3000倍液,200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂3000~4000倍液。

In order to provide a scientific basis for Carposina sasakii control in Malus pumila‘Saiwaihong’orchard in Tongliao.From 2018 to 2020,we regularly observed the occurrence of Carposina sasakii and conducted pesticide screening tests in Kailu County.【Result】In Tongliao,Carposina sasakii appeared late to occur one generation per year in most orchards,and a few orchards occur two generations per year.The occurrence is relatively concentrated throughout the year and lasts for more than 3 months.Adults first appeared in late June,but there were fewer in number at this time.It began to appear continuously in mid-July,entered the peak period from late July to early August,followed by the peak period,and finally in mid-September for the terminal stage.Further,in this study,we research that the control effects of four pesticides on the Carposina sasakii,and three concentration gradients were set for each pesticide.Namely 2.2%emamectin benzoate microemulsion,200 g/L chlorantraniliprole suspension,0.20%high-chlorine chlorpyrifos microcapsules,and 1.5%pyrethrin water.Finally,we found that 2.2%emamectin benzoate microemulsion 2500 times liquid and 200 g/L chlorantraniliprole suspending agent 3000 times liquid have the best control effects at 89.3%and 88.5%,respectively.The control effects of 2.2%emamectin benzoate microemulsion 3000 times and 200 g/L chlorantraniliprole suspending agent 4000 times were 85.2%and 85.1%,respectively.The control effect of 1.5%pyrethrin 2000 and 2500 times solution is the least obvious,which are 63.0%and 60.2%respectively.The control effects of other pesticides with different concentrations are between 69.8%and 80.3%.In production,the 2.2%emamectin benzoate microemulsion is 2500-3000 times liquid,and the 200 g/L chlorantraniliprole suspension is 3000-4000 times liquid.