基于结构方程模型的介入医务人员心理健康状况影响因素分析

Analysis of the Factors to Influence the Mental Health of Interventional Medical Staffs Based on Structural Equation Model

目的:了解介入医务人员心理健康现状,探讨其影响因素并分析各因素对心理健康状况的作用路径,为有关部门制定提高介入医务人员心理健康水平策略提供参考。方法:采用工作压力源量表、领悟社会支持量表、马氏职业倦怠量表、一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)对393名介入医务人员进行问卷调查。结果:介入医务人员高危心理障碍检出率为63.6%,不同文化程度、编制、职称、介意放射线的调查对象高危心理障碍检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。工作压力与家庭支持呈负相关(r=-0.175,P<0.001),与情感衰竭(r=0.565,P<0.001)、去人格化(r=0.395,P<0.001)、GHQ-12(r=0.281,P<0.001)呈正相关。社会支持、职业倦怠在工作压力与心理健康状况的关系中可以分别发挥中介作用,也可以发挥链式中介作用,总效应为0.28。结论:介入医务人员高危心理障碍检出率较高,减少工作压力,提高社会支持,预防职业倦怠有助于增进心理健康。

Objective To understand the status of mental health of interventional medical staffs,explore its influencing fac-tors,and provide references for improving it.Methods A total of 393 interventional medical staffs were surveyed by the Work Stressor Scale,Perceived Social Support Scale,Maslach Burnout Inventory and 12-item General Health Questionnaire(GHQ-12).Results The prevalence of high-risk psychological disorder of interventional medical staffs was 63.6%.There were signifi-cant differences in the prevalence of high-risk psychological disorder among participants with different education levels,author-ized strength,professional titles and concerning about radiation(P<0.05).Job stress was significantly negatively correlated with family support(r=-0.175,P<0.001),and significantly positively correlated with emotional exhaustion(r=0.565,P<0.001),depersonalization(r=0.395,P<0.001)and GHQ-12(r=0.281,P<0.001).Social support and job burnout can respectively play a mediating role in the relationship between job stress and mental health,and also play a chain medi-ating role,with a total effect of 0.28.Conclusion Interventional medical staffs have a high prevalence of high-risk psychological disorder.Reducing job stress,improving social support and preventing job burnout would be helpful to improve their mental health.