自利与共生:人类命运共同体的人性基点及学校德育价值取向

Self-Interest and Co-Existence:The Humanity Basis for the Community with Shared Future for Mankind and the Value Orientation of School Moral Education

"地球生命共同体"理念是对"人类命运共同体"思想的引申和扩展,是基于生态文明立场、从共同体的视域将人类命运推及地球生命命运的高度完美体现。在一定意义上,人类命运共同体在地球生命共同体的建构过程中,意义尤为重大、地位十分关键,是生态文明视域下"地球生命共同体"的核心要素。人性基点是自利,而实现自利要借助合作和人类命运共同体的构建。人类命运共同体的本质依旧是为了更好地实现自利,自利与共生并不矛盾。对于学校德育来说,培育学生"共生观"就是在认知上让学生懂得整个人类是一个命运共同体;在情感上让学生对人类命运共同体持有积极态度和正面评价;在行为上让学生拥有自觉构建人类命运共同体的意识行为和践行能力。

The concept of"Community of Life on Earth"is an extension of the idea of"Community with a Shared Future for Mankind",which is based on the standpoint of ecological civilization,and it perfectly reflects the height of the human destiny to the life of the earth from the perspective of the community.In a certain sense,a community with a shared future for mankind is of great significance and crucial in the construction of the community of life on earth,and it is also the core element of the"Community of Life on Earth"from the perspective of ecological civilization.The basic point of human nature is self-interest,but the realization of self-benefit must rely on cooperation and the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind.It inevitably requires different individuals,societies,and countries to achieve co-existence based on cooperation.The essence of a community with a shared future for mankind is still to better realize self-interest.Self-interest and co-existence are not contradictory.For school moral education,cultivating students’ "co-existence view"means is to let students know that the whole human being is a community with a shared future;emotionally,to let students have a positive attitude and evaluation of a community with a shared future for mankind;in terms of behavior,students can have ability to consciously build a community with a shared future for mankind.