杭嘉湖地区传统聚落景观特征研究

Research on Landscape Characteristics of Traditional Settlements in Hangjiahu Area

传统聚落的营建蕴含着古人建立良好人居环境的智慧,杭嘉湖地区传统聚落作为中国水乡聚落的典型代表,类型丰富、体系完善,其景观特征是经人工梳理自然水系、堆挖土地而形成的,是人与自然相互作用的产物。文章从风景园林学角度出发,借鉴历史地理学的研究方法,梳理杭嘉湖地区的自然环境与人文要素,并分析二者对当地聚落形成发展的影响。将区域内的聚落群体作为研究对象,结合自然环境与土地利用方式,划分出嘉湖区聚落景观空间的4种典型模式:湖溇圩田型聚落、湖荡圩田型聚落、水网平田型聚落和三角洲平田型聚落,从内生动力与外生动力解析聚落景观特征的形成机制。以期为我国水网地区传统聚落景观的成因与特征研究提供新的思路,为传统聚落景观保护提供参考与依据。

The traditional settlement system of Hangjiahu is rich in human settlement system,which is the representative of the interaction between the ancient settlement and the water system.From the perspective of landscape architecture,using the research methods of historical geography,the author combs the natural environment and human factors in Hangjiahu area,and analyzes the impact of the two on the formation and development of local settlements.Taking the settlement groups in the region as the research object,combined with the natural environment and land use mode,four typical patterns of settlement landscape space in Hangjiahu district are divided:hulou polder type settlement,hudang polder type settlement,water network flat type settlement and delta flat type settlement.The formation mechanism of settlement landscape characteristics is analyzed from the endogenous and exogenous power.It is expected to provide new ideas for the research on the causes and characteristics of traditional settlement landscapes in China’s water network areas,and to provide references and basis for the protection of traditional settlement landscapes.