新冠疫情后中国HPV疫苗认知及推广态度调查

Knowledge and attitude toward HPV vaccination promotion after COVID-19 epidemic in various populations in China

目的调查新冠疫情之后一般人群、宫颈癌患者、医务人员、政府及机构管理者对人乳头瘤病毒(HPV疫苗接种和推广的态度。方法于2020年12月—2021年4月,采用分层整群抽样方法对全国七大区3 599名不同身份的对象进行问卷调查。结果分别有1 387(80.4%)、296(80.0%)、989(92.8%)、419(95.7%)名一般人群、宫颈癌患者、医务人员、政府及机构管理者听说过HPV疫苗。女性和受教育水平高者HPV疫苗知晓率更高。分别有803(96.8%)和352(95.1%)名女性一般人群和宫颈癌患者愿意接种HPV疫苗。分别有341(82.0%)和176(67.2%)名有女儿的女性一般人群和宫颈癌患者明确表示愿意为女儿接种HPV疫苗。784名(79.3%)医务人员愿意推荐HPV疫苗。428名(97.7%)政府及机构管理者愿意推广HPV疫苗,399人(93.2%)认为通过鼓励适龄女性进行疫苗接种、318人(74.3%)认为可通过将HPV疫苗纳入计划免疫实现其大规模推广。结论新冠疫情后中国女性HPV疫苗接种意愿较高,但家长给女儿接种HPV疫苗的意愿较低。政府推广意愿较高,但是医务人员推荐意愿不强烈。有针对性加强HPV疫苗健康教育,提高HPV疫苗推荐意愿十分重要。

Objective To investigate the acceptability and willingness to recommend human papillomavirus(HPV vaccine in Chinese women, cervical cancer patients, health workers and governmental officers after coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) epidemic. Methods With stratified cluster random sampling, a face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted from December 2020 to April 2021 among 3 791 persons with different identities in seven geographical regions of China. Results Among the 3 599 respondents with complete information, the proportion(number) of persons having heard about HPV vaccine was 80.4%(1 387) in general women, 80.0%(296) in cervical cancer patients, 92.8%(989) in health workers, and 95.7%(419) in government officers, respectively, and the proportion was relatively higher in women and the respondents with higher education. In the female respondents with daughters, 341(82.0%) general women and 176(67.2%)cervical cancer patients reported the willingness to have their daughters being vaccinated. Of the health workers, 79.3%(784)expressed the willingness to recommend HPV vaccine to attendees in their routine work. Among government officers, 428(97.7%) demonstrated a positive attitude toward HPV vaccination promotion, of which, 93.2%(399) considered that the women of right ages should be encouraged to receive HPV vaccine voluntarily and 318(74.3%) thought that HPV vaccine should be included in national vaccination program for large-scale promotion of HPV vaccination. Conclusion After the incidence of COVID-19 epidemic, the willingness of having HPV vaccination increased among Chinese women but parental willingness to have their daughters being vaccinated was low. Despite high willingness of HPV vaccination promotion among governmental officers, the intention of recommending HPV vaccine to attendees in their routine work is not strong among health workers. The results suggest that specific health education on HPV vaccine is important for promoting HPV vaccination willingness in the public.