四川省≥40岁常住居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病情况及其影响因素分析

Prevalence and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among middle-aged and elderly residents in Sichuan province, 2015

目的了解四川省≥40岁常住居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病(慢阻肺)患病情况及其影响因素,为慢阻肺的防控提供科学依据。方法于2014年12月—2015年12月采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法在四川省成都市双流区、内江市市中区、资阳市乐至县、自贡市富顺县、绵阳市盐亭县和泸州市泸县6个监测点抽取3 391名≥40岁常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和肺功能检查。结果四川省3 391名≥40岁常住居民中,患慢阻肺者813例,慢阻肺患病率为24.0%;多水平方差成分模型分析结果显示,男性、年龄≥50岁、居住在农村、既往吸烟、偶尔吸烟、每天吸烟和体重过轻是四川省≥40岁常住居民慢阻肺患病的危险因素,高中及以上文化程度和有二手烟暴露是四川省≥40岁常住居民慢阻肺患病的保护因素。结论四川省≥40岁常住居民慢阻肺患病率较高,性别、年龄、文化程度、居住地、吸烟情况、有无二手烟暴露和体质指数是该地区≥40岁常住居民慢阻肺患病的主要影响因素。

Objective To explore the prevalence and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD among permanent residents aged 40 years and over in Sichuan province and to provide evidences for COPD prevention and control. Methods Using stratified multistage cluster sampling, we recruited 3 601 permanent residents aged ≥ 40 years in urban communities or rural villages in two districts and 4 counties covered by a national disease surveillance program in Sichuan province. Household questionnaire interview, physical examination and lung function test were carried out among the participants from December 2014 to December 2015. Results Among 3 391 participants with complete information, 813 were diagnosed as COPD and the COPD prevalence was 24.0%. The results of multi-level variance component model analysis revealed that being male, aged ≥ 50 years, living in rural region, being an ex-smoker, occasionally smoking, daily smoking, and underweight were risk factors of COPD;while, with the education of senior high school and above and exposed to second-hand smoke were protective factors against COPD. Conclusion The prevalence of COPD was high and mainly influenced by gender, age, education level, residence, smoking status, second-hand smoke exposure and body weight among middle aged and elderly permanent residents in Sichuan province.