人类免疫缺陷病毒感染急性期的实验室检测进展

Progress in laboratory detection of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染急性期患者病毒载量高,传播能力强,是HIV感染的重要传染源。绝大部分急性感染期患者没有或仅有轻微的临床症状,其筛查和诊断往往依赖于实验室检测,但由于检测存在窗口期,HIV感染的早期筛查和诊断存在一定困难。近年来,针对HIV感染急性期的实验室检测取得了较大的进步。该文对HIV感染急性期的实验室检测进展进行综述,以期为后续的相关研究提供参考。

Patients with acute human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection are the critical source of infection due to high viral load and strong transmission ability.The vast majority of patients in the acute infection stage have no or only mild clinical symptoms,and their screening and diagnosis often rely on laboratory tests.However,there are still some difficulties in early screening and detection for HIV infection due to the detection window period.In recent years,laboratory testing for acute HIV infection has made great progress.This article reviews the progress in laboratory testing of acute HIV infection,in order to provide a reference for follow-up related research.