陕西商帮的历史沉浮与商业特点--从明清时期说起

The Ebb and Flow and Commercial Characteristics of the Shaanxi Merchants’ Guilds: A Historical Reconstruction Beginning from Ming and Qing Dynasties

陕西商帮的历史要从唐代长安“丝绸之路”追溯。从那时起,就有很多关中商人参与丝绸贸易,运送至西域,赚取高额利润。陕西商帮的活动范围北至天津、南至佛山、西到新疆叶尔羌、东至上海。本文将以明清陕西商帮为个案,从其发展史入手,通过历史的梳理,寻找陕西商帮商业理念的特点,分析这些特点在生成陕西商帮的商业生态和发展道路上的利弊得失。

The history of the Shaanxi merchants’guilds can be traced back to the Silks Roads of the Tang-Dynasty Chang’an City.Ever since then,many merchants in the Guanzhong region participated in the trade of silk.They transported the silk to the Xiyu western territory and made massive profits from the trade.The Shaanxi merchants’guilds were active in a vast geographic region,including Tianjian in the north,Foshan in the south,Xinjiang’s Yarkent in the west,and Shanghai in the east.This article examines the Shaanxi merchants’guilds in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It focuses on the developmental history of the merchants’guilds and identifies the commercial characteristics of the Shaanxi merchants’guilds.This is followed by an analysis of the drawbacks and strengths of the commercial environment and developmental stages in the formation of the Shaanxi merchants’guilds.