德国高等教育学生资助工作的体系、特点及启示

A Comparative Study on Student Financial Aid in Higher Education Between China and Germany and Its Enlightenment

德国高等教育学生资助工作体系是助推其高等教育高质量发展的重要基石。德国政府为确保教育公平,形成了具有资助环境法制化、资助体系多元化和资助督查规范化等鲜明特色的高校学生资助工作体系,为实现高等教育公平提供多维支持。我国高等教育学生资助工作也有其特定产生的根源和突出特点,通过对中德高等教育学生资助工作体系进行客观的比较分析,并在"国际理解"的基础上提出了合理性建议,即从健全法制与细化职责建立长效机制、扩大投入与多方共助提升帮扶实效、科学认定与严格监督推动教育公平、工具理性与价值理性相统一完善育人功能等方面,优化我国高等教育学生资助体系,提升学生资助工作成效。

The student financial aid system of higher education in Germany is an important cornerstone to promote the high-quality development of higher education. In order to ensure education equity, the German government has formed a college student financial aid system with distinctive characteristics, such as legalization of financial aid environment, diversification of financial aid system and standardization of financial aid supervision, so as to provide multidimensional support for the realization of higher education fairness. China’s higher education student aid work also has its specific roots and prominent characteristics. Through an objective comparative analysis of the Chinese and German higher education student aid work system, and on the basis of “international understanding”, this paper puts forward reasonable suggestions, that is, from perfecting the legal system and refining responsibilities, establishing a long-term mechanism, expanding investment and multi-party assistance, improving the effectiveness of assistance Scientific identification and strict supervision promote the unity of educational equity, instrumental rationality and value rationality, improve the educational function, optimize China’s higher education student funding system and enhance the effectiveness of student funding.