2017年北京市18~79岁高血压人群饮酒行为及相关因素分析

Analysis on drinking behaviors and related factors among hypertensive population aged 18 to 79 in Beijing,2017

目的了解2017年北京市18~79岁高血压人群的饮酒行为特点及相关因素。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样,对调查对象进行问卷信息收集和身体测量。分析发现高血压患者的饮酒率、高血压且饮酒者的饮酒频率、危险饮酒率及有害饮酒率在不同性别、年龄、文化程度、是否吸烟等人群中的分布差异,及饮酒者不同饮酒状态下的血压水平,并分析高血压饮酒者饮酒风险行为的相关因素。结果高血压人群饮酒率为42.4%。男性(66.0%)和吸烟人群饮酒率(73.9%)较高,饮酒频率以每天饮酒和每周饮酒为主,危险饮酒率及有害饮酒率均较高。不同的饮酒状态下,中/高风险饮酒者的收缩压和舒张压均高于低风险饮酒者。对高血压饮酒者的饮酒风险行为相关因素进行Logistic回归分析,结果显示,女性(OR=0.145,P<0.001)、大专及以上文化程度(OR=0.316,P<0.001)是饮酒风险行为的保护因素,而现在是否吸烟(OR=2.602,P<0.001)、舒张压水平(OR=1.013,P=0.018)是饮酒风险行为的危险因素。结论北京市高血压人群具有较为普遍的饮酒行为,男性、低文化程度、现在吸烟、舒张压水平高的高血压饮酒者更易选择中/高风险饮酒行为。饮酒行为在高血压患者健康教育和疾病管理中应得到重视。

Objective To investigate the characteristicsof drinking behaviorsand related factors among hypertensive populationaged 18-79 in Beijing in 2017.Methods Multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used,the respondents′information were collected by questionnaire and body measuring.The differences of drinking rate,drinking frequency,dangerous drinking rate and harmful drinking rate in different gender,age,education level,and smoking condition were analyzed.The data of blood pressure under different drinking conditions were analyzed.The related factors of risk drinking behaviors were also analyzed.Results The drinking rate among hypertensive population was 42.4%.The drinking rate of men(66.0%)and smokers(73.9%)were higher,the drinking frequency was mainly daily and weekly,and the dangerous drinking rate and harmful drinking rate were also higher.Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were higher in medium and high risk drinkers than in low risk drinkers.Logistic regression analysis results showed that female(OR=0.145,P<0.001),college degree or above(OR=0.316,P<0.001)were protective factors,current smoking(OR=2.602,P<0.001)and diastolic blood pressure(OR=1.013,P=0.018)were risk factors.Conclusion The hypertensive population in Beijing hadrelatively common drinking behavior,and those who were man,low education level,currently smoking and with high diastolic blood pressure were more likely to choose moderate/high risk drinking behaviors.Drinking behavior should be paid more attention in hypertension health education and disease management.