不同控烟材料对个体烟草内隐态度和焦虑感受性的影响

Effects of different tobacco-control materials on implicit attitude towards smoking and anxiety perception

目的探讨不同控烟材料对个体烟草内隐态度和焦虑感受性的影响,为我国控烟的健康促进工作提供实证依据。方法120名被试随机分配到儿童画组、警示图组、标语组和空白组,完成烟草外显态度问卷和焦虑视觉模拟评分后,学习相应的控烟材料,再进行烟草内隐态度任务和焦虑视觉模拟评分。剔除行为学任务正确率低于80%的被试后,运用卡方检验、单因素方差分析和配对样本t检验进行烟草态度和焦虑感受性的比较。结果4组被试均表现出对吸烟行为的消极外显和内隐态度。其中,外显态度组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而在学习不同控烟材料后,儿童画组被试烟草内隐态度任务反应时差大于标语组[(196.29±264.96)vs(84.32±101.50),LSD-t=2.285,P=0.027]和空白组[(196.29±264.96)vs(51.74±132.35),LSD-t=2.949,P=0.005]。观看警示图的被试焦虑主观感受性显著增高[(3.03±1.47)vs(4.31±2.23),t=4.232,P<0.001]。结论警示图控烟材料可以提升个体焦虑主观感受性,儿童画控烟材料会诱发更消极的烟草内隐态度。

Objective To explore the effects of different tobacco-control materials on implicit attitude towards smoking and anxiety perception,and to provide empirical evidence for tobacco-control health promotion in China.Methods 120 participants were randomly assigned to children′s drawing group,warning picture group,slogan group and blank group.After completing the tobacco explicit attitude questionnaire and anxiety visual analogue score,they learned the corresponding tobacco-control materials,and then finished the implicit association test and anxiety visual analogue score.Chi-square test,one-way ANOVA and paired t test were used to compare the attitude toward smoking and anxiety perception after excluded the participants whose accuracy were less than 80%.Results All 4 groups showed negative explicit and implicit attitudes towards smoking.There was no significant difference on explicit attitude between the groups(P>0.05).After learning different tobacco-control materials,the reaction time difference of implicit attitude task in children′s painting group was larger than that in slogan group[(196.29±264.96)vs(84.32±101.50),LSD-t=2.285,P=0.027]and blank group[(196.29±264.96)vs(51.74±132.35),LSD-t=2.949,P=0.005].The participants who watched the warning pictures had higher subjective anxiety perception[(3.03±1.47)vs(4.31±2.23),t=4.232,P<0.001].Conclusion Smoking warning pictures can improve individuals′anxiety subjective perception,and children′s drawing tobacco-control materials can induce more negative implicit attitudes towards smoking.