不同类型矫治器在口腔正畸治疗中对患者牙周健康影响的比较

Comparison of the effect of different types of appliances on patients′periodontal health in orthodontic treatment

目的探讨不同类型矫治器在口腔正畸治疗中对患者牙周健康的影响。方法选取2019年2月至2020年2月萍乡市人民医院口腔科收治的75例口腔正畸患者,采用随机数字表法分为A组、B组及C组,各25例。A组采用直丝弓矫治器进行治疗,B组采用自锁托槽矫治器进行治疗,C组采用无托槽隐形矫治器进行治疗。比较三组患者治疗后的矫治效果,治疗前后的牙周指数及血清炎症因子水平。结果三组患者治疗后的矫治效果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,三组患者的牙龈指数(GI)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)及菌斑指数(PLI)评分均高于本组治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,C组GI、SBI及PLI评分均低于B组和A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,B组牙GI、SBI及PLI评分均低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,三组患者的血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、白介素-6(IL-6)水平均低于本组治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,C组TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平均低于B组和A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,B组TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平均低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论直丝弓矫治器、自锁托槽矫治器及无托槽隐形矫治器均具有较好的正畸矫治效果,但无托槽隐形矫治器更有利于减轻口腔正畸患者炎症反应,提高牙周组织健康水平。

Objective To explore the effects of different types of appliances on the periodontal health of patients in orthodontic treatment.Methods A total of 75 orthodontic patients who were admitted to the Department of Stomatology of Pingxiang People′s Hospital from February 2019 to February 2020,were divided into groups A,B and C by random number table method,with 25 cases in each group.Group A was treated with a straight wire appliance,group B was treated with a self-locking bracket appliance,and group C was treated with non-bracket free invisible appliance.The correction effect after treatment,periodontal index and serum inflammatory factor levels of the three groups before and after treatment were compared.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the treatment effect of the three groups after treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,the gingival index(GI),sulcus hemorrhage index(SBI)and plaque index(PLI)scores of the three groups were higher than those of the group before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the GI,SBI and PLI scores of group C were lower than those of group B and A,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the GI,SBI and PLI scores of group B were lower than those of group A,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of serum tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and interleukin-6(IL-6)in the three groups were lower than those before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 in group C were lower than those in group B and A,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 in group B were lower than those in group A,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Straight wire appliance,self-locking bracket appliance and non-bracket-free invisible appliance all have good orthodontic correction effect,but the non-bracket-free invisible appliance was more conducive to reducing the inflammatory reaction of orthodontic patients and improving periodontal organizational health level.