欧洲地区互联网药品销售管理模式分析

Analysis of Management of Internet Drug Sales in Europe

目的:为提升我国互联网药品销售管理提供参考。方法:通过研究欧洲地区典型国家互联网药品销售管理模式,梳理英国、德国和法国互联网药品品种管理、资格准入模式和药店认证计划,并剖析当前我国互联网药品销售管理模式存在的问题。结果与结论:目前欧洲地区已放开对互联网零售药店的管控,且其管理模式具有鲜明的特点。互联网销售药品品种以非处方药为主,仅有少数国家允许销售处方药;各国多采取许可制度授予互联网零售药店准入资格,并由多部门协同管理;采取互联网零售药店认证计划以提升购药安全性。建议我国采取"政府管理+行业自律"的互联网药品销售管理模式,并可以通过健全互联网药品销售法律体系、加强互联网药品销售行业自律、推行互联网零售药店认证计划、强化互联网处方药监管体系和开通互联网零售药店线上举报渠道的方式,进一步提升我国对互联网药品销售的管理。

Objective:To provide reference for improving management of Internet drug sales in China.Methods:Research on management of Internet drug sales in Europe is conducted,to sort out management of drug classification,qualifications and pharmacy certification programs in the UK,Germany and France for Internet drug sales,and to analyze the current problems with management of Internet drug sales in China.Results & Conclusion:At present,Europe has lifted restrictions on Internet retail pharmacies,and has shown distinctive management features.Drugs sold on the Internet are mainly over-the-counter drugs,and only a few countries allow the sale of prescription drugs;most countries adopt a licensing system to grant Internet retail pharmacies access qualifications,which are managed by multiple departments;and an Internet retail pharmacy certification program is adopted to improve the safety of drug purchases.It is recommended that China adopt a “government management plus industry self-discipline” model for Internet drug sales.Measures may be taken to further improve management of Internet drug sales in China,including strengthening the legal system on Internet drug sales,exercising industry self-discipline,implementing the Internet retail pharmacy certification program,reinforcing supervision of Internet prescription drug sales,and opening channels for complaints about Internet retail pharmacies.