赋身份、赋渠道、赋能力:历史演进视域下高职教育吸引力发展策略重构

Giving Identity,Channel and Ability:Reconstructing the Development Strategies of the Attraction of Higher Vocational Education from the Perspective of Historical Evolution

在国家大力发展高职教育背景下,高职教育吸引力研究具有重要现实意义。高职教育吸引力体现为目标群体主动选择的意愿,以本科院校和高职院校校均规模为基础将吸引力量化计算,选取1990—2020年间的数据,将高职教育吸引力发展分为蓬勃发展期、低迷期、恢复期、稳步提升期4个阶段,高职教育吸引力主要受高职教育和高职毕业生身份、高职教育发展渠道、高职教育社会服务能力和学生就业竞争力四个重要因素的影响。因此,持续提升高职教育吸引力,需要实施赋身份、赋渠道、赋能力的“三赋”策略。

Under the background of national vigorous development of higher vocational education,the research on the attraction of higher vocational education is of great practical significance.The attraction of higher vocational education is reflected in the willing⁃ness of the target group to choose actively.Based on the average size of undergraduate colleges and higher vocational colleges,the attraction can be calculated quantitatively.From 1990 to 2020,the development of the attraction of higher vocational education can be divided into four stages:vigorous development stage,downturn stage,recovery stage and steady promotion stage.The attraction of higher vocational education is mainly influenced by four important factors:the identity of higher vocational education and gradu⁃ates,the development channel of higher vocational education,the social service ability of higher vocational education and the em⁃ployment competitiveness of students.Therefore,in order to improve the attraction of higher vocational education continuously,we need to implement the strategy of"three givings",that is,giving identity,giving channel and giving ability.