风格与效果——论辩模式与方式的联动

Matching Mode with Manner:On Style and Effects

众所周知,对风格进行定义难乎其难,在现代理论家眼中尤其如此。本文旨在说明,探讨风格至少可以从一个途径入手,也即将风格的一部分视为言说者或作者为适应特定论辩模式,对修辞策略进行调整的方式,同时也是针对该论辩模式最有效的策略方式。为了证明这一论点,本文选取古今两个案例分别进行了探讨。古典案例为柏拉图的"对话式风格",当代案例则为唐纳德·特朗普的"极简主义风格"。分析表明,两种针对特定论辩模式所选择的论辩方式均有助于促进说话人实现论辩目标。

Styles have proved notoriously difficult to define,especially for modern theorists.One way to approach the issue,illustrated in this paper,is to consider at least one aspect of style as the way a speaker or writer adjusts rhetorical strategies to fit a particular mode of delivery,and the way that mode of delivery allows for the use of strategies that would not be as effective if other modes were used.To demonstrate this,the paper explores two cases,one ancient and one contemporary.The ancient case involves what is identified as Plato’s"dialogical style";whereas the contemporary case is Donald Trump’s"minimalist style."The analyses show how each choice of matching manner to mode serves to advance the argumentative goals of a speaker.