钒氧化还原流电池技术综述

Review of vanadium redox flow battery technology

钒氧化还原流电池(VRFB)具有响应速度快、储能量巨大、成本低、效率高、使用寿命长和低污染等特点,在大型储能系统领域有着广泛的应用潜力。虽然钒氧化还原流电池已被商用,但是其能量密度与效率仍然受电极活性、温度稳定性、膜内交叉污染和极化损失等因素的限制。针对当前钒氧化还原流电池领域的研究热点,从电池的电极、电解液、隔膜以及双极板流场4个方面分别展开综述,阐述VRFB技术的工作原理,介绍VRFB不同组件及其最新的研究现状,总结了限制VRFB进一步发展的技术因素,探讨这些限制的解决方法,并对VRFB技术今后的发展进行了展望与分析。

Vanadium redox flow battery(VRFB)has a brilliant future in the field of large energy storage system(EES)due to its characteristics including fast response speed,large energy storage capacity,low cost,high efficiency,long service life and low pollution.Although vanadium redox flow batteries have been widely used in commercial applications,their energy density and efficiency are limited by electrode activity,temperature stability,cross contamination,and voltage loss.This review,which includes the four aspects of electrode,electrolyte,membrane,and bipolar plate on VRFB,mainly illustrates the working principle of VRFB technology,while introducing the different components of VRFB and their latest research status,summarizing the limitations of current VRFBs,and discussing the solutions to these limitations,so as to highlight the development direction of VRFB technology.