汽、柴油精馏塔全流程模拟及故障分析

The Simulation and Fault Analysis of the Full Process for the Gasoline and Diesel Distillation Column

采用Aspen Plus软件对6万吨/年汽、柴油精馏塔进行了稳态模拟。然后,进一步把稳态流程导入动态模拟,采用Aspen Dynamics对全流程进行动态模拟,重点考察了在进料流量波动、冷凝器负荷降低以及重沸炉负荷降低等故障发生时装置现场控制回路的可靠性。结果表明,全塔温度控制器和流量控制器均具有较好的控制效果,在故障发生时,能够很快达到新的稳态;但是压力控制器不能很好的对全塔压力进行控制,特别是在冷凝器负荷减小时,塔压持续上升,使混油精馏塔处于危险工况。另外,在重沸炉负荷降低时,塔内液位也持续上升。所以,应加强冷凝器和重沸炉故障的监控,同时注意物料及其他设备的监控,确保装置运行安全。

The steady state simulation on the gasoline and diesel distillation column with 60 thousands ton a year was carried out by Aspen Plus.Then,the steady state process was further imported into the dynamic simulation which was executed by Aspen Dynamics.The effectiveness of the control loop of the process was investigated when the faults,such as the feed flow rate fluctuate and the duty of condenser and duty of reboiler furnace decrease,occurred.The results showed that the temperature and flow can be controlled well.When the faults occurred,the new steady state of temperature and flow can be reached quickly.However,the pressure cannot be controlled well.Especially,when the duty of condenser decreases,the pressure persistently increases,which makes the distillation column in a dangerous occasion.In addition,as the duty of reboiler furnace decreases,the liquid level of column also continues to increase.Thereby,the monitoring on the faults of condenser and reboiler furnace should be enhanced as well as on material and other facilities to insure safety of device operation.