高质量发展背景下农业土地利用效率减贫效应分析

Analysis of Poverty Reduction Effect of Agricultural Land Efficiency under the Background of High-quality Development

本文在高质量发展背景下,以实现农村长效脱贫为目标,探究农业土地利用效率与农村贫困之间的关系,提出实现农村长效脱贫路径,对农村减贫具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文基于2003—2018年中国30个省份的面板数据,采用考虑非期望产出的超效率SBM-Undesirable模型对农业土地利用效率进行测度,在此基础上利用面板数据模型对农业土地利用效率的减贫效应进行实证检验。结果表明:(1)中国农业土地利用效率总体呈现先下降后上升的趋势,且农业土地利用效率大于等于1的省份仅占全部省份的13.33%,中国农业土地利用效率仍有45.77%的提升空间。(2)中国农业土地利用效率存在明显的区域差异,东部地区农业土地利用效率最高,西部地区次之,中部地区最低。(3)农业土地利用效率对农村贫困的影响系数在1%的显著水平上显著为负,说明农业土地利用效率对农村减贫具有显著的促进作用。(4)种植业结构、城乡收入差距在不同程度上抑制农村减贫,而财政支农力度、城镇化水平则对农村减贫具有显著的促进作用。

In the context of high quality development,taking long-term poverty alleviation as object,this paper exlpored relationship between agricultural land efficiency and rural area poverty as well as proposes ways of achieving rural area long-term poverty alleviation,which led to important theory and practical significance for rural poverty reduction.Based on panel data of 30 provincial-level regions from 2003 to 2018,it measured agricultural land efficiency by SBM-Undesirable model(nonanticipative production super efficiency),and using the panel data model to test the poverty reduction effect of agricultural land efficiency.The results showed that:(1)The general agricultural efficiency in China increased firstly and then decreased finally,with 13.33%provinces efficiency was over or equal to 1,there was still 45.77%room for improvement.(2)There were clear regional differences,with the highest efficiency in the eastern region,the second highest in the western region and the lowest in the central region.(3)It also showed negative in 1%rural poverty influencing coefficient,which indicated it played a significant role in poverty reduction.(4)Rural poverty reduction was restrained by plantation structure,rural and urban income gap to some degree,while financial support and urbanization also played a positive role.