基于海洋安全的大气波导观测方法研究

Observation methods of atmospheric duct based on marine safety

海上船舶一旦遇到大气波导,可使船载电子信息系统之间的短波通信距离增大数倍,同时通信距离范围内的部分区域会出现电磁盲区。本文围绕海洋安全保障需求,开展了大气波导协同观测技术研究,阐述了海上大气波导对超视距传输与探测的重要性。通过对大气波导的形成机制和影响机理进行研究,系统化概述了蒸发波导、表面波导和抬升波导的观测原理及常规观测方法。通过分析研究传统大气波导的观测方法,发现其在观测手段、观测精度、观测范围和观测成本方面存在局限性。基于此,本文提出一种多物理场协同探测的大气波导观测方法,通过集合海上浮标网、船联网、星联网和岸基网等各类观测仪器和设备,可实现海上大气参数的实时获取,构建海上大气波导预报系统,形成海上大气波导大范围、高精度、实时性预报,为海上超视距雷达探测提供关键技术支撑。

The short-wave communication distance among shipborne electronic information systems will increase several times once the sea battlefield is exposed to the atmospheric duct.Meanwhile,the electromagnetic blind zone will appear within the communication distance range.Based on the strategic requirements of ocean security,this study carried out the reseacrch on the cooperative observation technology of atmospheric duct,and expounded the importance of atmospheric duct for over-the-horizon transmission and detection.We systematically summarize the observation principle of evaporation duct,surface duct and lifting duct and their conventional observation methods by studying the formation and influence mechanism of the atmospheric duct.In addition,we studid the traditional observation methods of atmospheric duct in depth and find that these methods have some limitations in observation means,accuracy,range and cost.Therefore,an atmospheric duct observation method based on multi-physical field cooperative detection is proposed in this paper,which can obtain real-time atmospheric parameters at sea and build an marine atmospheric duct prediction system by integrating various observation instruments and equipment,such as buoy network,ship network,satellite network and shore-based network.The large-scale,high-precision and real-time atmospheric duct forecasting system formed by our method is greatly significant to master air superiority in over-the-horizon radar detection and stealth penetration operations in the sea.