禁牧政策背景下宁夏盐池县农民生活满意度影响因素

Influencing factors of farmers′life satisfaction under the background of Grazing Prohibition Policy in Yanchi County,Ningxia Autonomous Region

为了改善北方农牧交错区退化的草原,国家从21世纪初开始实施了禁牧政策,政策实施以后,北方农牧交错区农民的生产生活都受到很大的影响。对该地区农民主观幸福感的影响因素进行研究,尤其是研究收入和禁牧政策的感知对主观幸福感的影响,可以为后续政策实施和改善提供理论支持,并为营造幸福生活、建立幸福乡村提供更多依据。基于此本文以典型北方农牧交错区宁夏自治区盐池县为例,通过调查问卷数据,采用OLS回归模型和分位数回归模型分析了农民生活满意度的影响因素。结果表明:(1)自评价的相对收入、自评价的收支状况、禁牧政策满意度、禁牧政策对收入的影响、参加社会活动的频率和环境满意度对生活满意度有显著的正向影响。(2)自评价的相对收入、自评价的收支状况和禁牧政策满意度的正向影响随农民生活满意度分位点的提高而降低,而禁牧政策的收入影响只对中分位点农民的生活满意度起到显著的正向影响。参加活动的频率对低生活满意度分位点农民的正向影响不显著,而环境满意度只在高分位点对农民的生活满意度有显著的正向影响。(3)较高的生活满意度可以使农村居民更支持和愿意参与到生态政策中去。所以,有必要继续完善现有生态补偿政策,在继续保护和改善北方农牧交错区生态环境的同时,提高北方农牧交错区农村居民的主观幸福感,促进社会的可持续发展。

In order to restore degraded grasslands in the agro⁃pastoral transitional zone in north China,the central government initiated the Prohibited Grazing Policy(PGP)in these areas from the early 2000s.Since the initiation of this policy,it has significantly influenced participants′production and lives.Therefore,the research on the influencing factors of farmers′subjective well⁃being in these areas,particularly the impact of income and PGP perception on subjective well⁃being could provide theoretical support for the better implementation of the policies,and it could also provide more support for building a happy life and happy countryside.This paper presents an analysis of survey data from Yanchi County which is a typical agro⁃pastoral transitional zone in north China using Ordinary Least Squares(OLS)regression model and quantile regression model to explore the factors influencing farmers′life satisfaction.The results showed that:(1)self⁃reported relative income,self⁃reported financial balance,PGP satisfaction,self⁃reported influence of PGP on income,the frequency of participating in social activities and environment satisfaction have significantly positive effects on farmers′life satisfaction.(2)The positive impacts of self⁃reported relative income,self⁃reported financial balance and PGP satisfaction are declining with the rising quantiles of life satisfaction,and self⁃reported influence of PGP on income has a significantly positive effect on life satisfaction only in the median of life satisfaction.The frequency of participating in social activities has no significantly positive effect on the life satisfaction with low life satisfaction quantile,and the environmental satisfaction has a significantly positive effect only with upper quantile of life satisfaction.(3)Higher life satisfaction could make farmers more supportive and willing to participate in the policy.Therefore,it is necessary to continue to improve the existing eco⁃compensation policy,ecological environment and the subjective well⁃being of rural residents,thus to promote the sustainable development of society in the agro⁃pastoral transitional zone in north China.