东北老工业基地产业结构与用水结构关系——以辽宁省本溪市为例

Relationship between industrial structure and water utilization structure of old industry base in northeastern China:A case study of Benxi,Liaoning Province

为破解东北经济社会发展受水资源承载力刚性约束的迷局,以典型老工业基地辽宁本溪市为例,通过产业结构区位熵明确本溪市各产业在全国的发展水平,采用灰色关联度、结构协调度分析产业结构和用水结构的相关程度和协调程度,并通过结构偏差系数对各产业间和行业间的协调程度进行对比分析。结果表明:从2008-2017年,本溪市一产发展稳定,二产在经历过大幅下跌之后缓慢增长,三产在2016年之后成为本溪市的支柱产业;三大产业比例由2008年的0.06∶0.60∶0.34调整为2017年的0.06∶0.44∶0.50,曾经占主导优势的重工业及化工业都呈现下降趋势,产业结构发生转变。三大产业平均用水量比例由2008年的0.39∶0.59∶0.02调整为2017年的0.41∶0.51∶0.07,总用水量减少了1/4以上;规模以上行业中,大部分行业的用水量随着产值的增加而增加,需要进一步转换生产工艺;产值最高的黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业从水资源高效利用角度可作为大力扶持发展的产业。行业生产规模比较大的黑色金属矿采选业、医药制造业、非金属矿物制品业和黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业等产业与用水的结构逐渐朝着均衡的状态发展,仍需要一定时间才能达到协调。

To clarify the interaction and response relationship between industrial structure and water consumption structure in Benxi City,the location entropy,grey correlation degree,coordination degree of industrial structure and water structure and structural deviation coefficient were analyzed.The results are as follows.From 2008 to 2017,the development of primary industry in Benxi was stable,the secondary industry grew slowly after a sharp decline,and the tertiary industry became the pillar industry of Benxi after 2016.The proportion of industries was adjusted from 0.06∶0.60∶0.34 in 2008 to 0.06∶0.44∶0.50 in 2017.Heavy industry and chemical industry,which used to be dominant in the past,showed a downward trend,and the industrial structure has changed.The average water consumption ratio of the three industries was adjusted from 0.39∶0.59∶0.02 in 2008 to 0.41∶0.51∶0.07 in 2017 and the total water consumption decreased by more than one fourth.In the industries above designated size,the water consumption of most industries increased with the increase of output value,and the production process should be further transformed;Smelting and Pressing of Ferrous Metals,with the highest output value,can be used as an industry to support the development from the perspective of water resources development and utilization.Ferrous Metals Mining and Dressing,Medical and Pharmaceutical Products,Nonmetal Minerals Products and Smelting and Pressing of Ferrous Metals industries with relatively large production scale gradually developed towards a balanced state of water use structure,and it still needs some time to achieve coordination.