译者声音的差异化分析——以《论语》英译为例

An Analysis of Different Voices of Translators:with the English Translation of The Analects of Confucius for Example

译者声音是译者在文本内外的显隐性存在,是译者构建自身话语权威的主要途径。隐含读者、交际媒介和语境都会传递译者的声音。在翻译《论语》时,理雅各的声音倾向于沉默,多客观陈述,对原文的叙事特征遵从明显;辜鸿铭多采取对话、类比、设问的方式,说理性更强,很多时候代替孔子发声,拉近读者和孔子之间的距离。意识形态的影响和文化身份的作用是造成这种差异的原因:理雅各力主儒家思想和基督教义的有机融合,辜鸿铭强调儒家思想是中华文明得以延续的精神滋养。理雅各和辜鸿铭二人在传播中国文化方面都起了重大作用,体现了他们所属时代的译者声音。

The translator􀆳s voice is the explicit and implicit existence inside and outside the text,which is the main way for the translator to construct his own discourse authority.Implied readers,communication media and context will convey the translator􀆳s voice.When translating the Analects of Confucius,James Legge,with more objective statements,tends to be silent,and obviously follows the narrative characteristics of the original text;mostly adopting the way of dialogue,analogy and questions,Gu Hongming tends to be more rational,and often speaks instead of Confucius,narrowing the distance between readers and Confucius.The influence of ideology and the role of cultural identity are the reasons for this difference.James Legge advocates the organic integration of Confucianism and Christianity,and Gu Hongming emphasizes that Confucianism is the spiritual nourishment for the continuation of Chinese civilization.Both of them have played an important role in spreading Chinese culture,reflecting the voice of translators in their times.