区域对外开放对经济高质量发展的影响效应研究:理论机理与陕西例证

Effects of Regional Opening to the Outside World on the High-quality Economic Development:Theoretical Mechanism and Empirical Analysis of Shaanxi

以区域对外开放促进经济高质量发展,是陕西省深入贯彻“一带一路”倡议、黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展等重大国家战略的现实需求。结合2002-2018年陕西省10市的外贸依存度、外商直接投资依存度、全要素生产率及其指数的测度,本文评估了陕西省10市的区域开放水平与经济高质量发展水平,并将之与全国和陕西省平均水平进行了比较;同时,还基于8种空间计量模型参数估计及稳健性考察,评估了陕西省区域对外开放对经济高质量发展的影响。结论显示:陕西省经济高质量发展水平相比全国平均水平而言还比较低;陕西省区域开放水平两极分化严重且省会城市西安的辐射带动能力不足;陕西省区域开放对经济高质量发展尚未产生显著的影响效应。新时期以区域开放推动陕西省经济高质量发展,必须重点拓展制造业国际发展的空间和市场、优化贸易发展方式及贸易结构,推动技术进步、优化产能结构和强化生态环境保护。

Shaanxi needs to promote high-quality development through the regional opening to the outside world under the circumstance of the Road and Belt Initiative and the Ecological Protection and High-quality Development in the Yellow River Basin.This paper first evaluates the regional opening levels of the ten prefectural-level cities in Shaanxi China by the indexes of foreign trade dependence and foreign direct investment dependence,and also measures their economic development levels by the indicator of total factor productivity,and then finally assess the impacts of regional opening to the outside world of these ten prefectural-level cities on their high-quality economic development during 2002-2018 by utilizing spatial econometric analysis.The conclusion shows that the levels of high-quality economic development of the ten prefectural-level cities in Shaanxi are lower than the national average level,and the levels of the regional opening of the cities in Shaanxi to the outside world are seriously polarized and the radiation driving ability of Xi’an is insufficient to other cities,and the regional opening of the prefectural-level cities in Shaanxi China has not yet had a significant impact on their high-quality economic development.The main policy suggestions include expanding the international market for the manufacturing industry,optimizing the structure of trade development,promoting technological progress,optimizing the structure of production capacity,and strengthening the protection of the ecological environment.