纤维素在纺织技术中的应用——生物经济的机遇?

Cellulose in textile technology—an opportunity for the bio-economy?

在纺织工业中引入可持续的生物经济不仅要求向环境友好型生产工艺转变,而且要求采用生物基可再生原材料替代石油基塑料。纤维素纤维因其原材料来源广泛、性能多样而在生物基纤维中占据较大的份额,且极具发展潜力。纤维素纤维应用广泛,涉及服用纺织品、高强产业用纺织品等领域。为探究纤维素纤维的增产方法与改进空间,亚琛工业大学纺织技术研究所(ITA)与纺织研究领域的知名企业合作,进行了关于纤维素纤维的调研,并编制了一份综合民意调查。基于调研结果,从纤维素纤维市场占有率的提高、可持续性纺丝工艺的实现及产学研间有针对性的交流等方面进行讨论,并基于讨论结果,确定了潜在的研发需求,以及解决方案执行中遇到的问题和障碍。

The introduction of a sustainable bio-economy in the textile industry requires not only the conversion to environmentally friendly production processes,but also the substitution of petroleum-based plastics with bio-based renewable raw materials.Fibers made of cellulose already represent the largest share in the production of bio-based fibers and offer very high potential due to the diverse sources of raw materials as well as their properties,which enable a wide range of applications from comfortable clothing to high-strength technical textiles.In order to find out how increased production can be achieved and where there is still room for improvement,the Institute for Textile Technology of RWTH Aachen University(ITA)has conducted a survey on cellulose fibers among well-known players in the textile industry and research has compiled a comprehensive opinion poll.The results are presented in this article and discussed under the aspects of achieving a higher market volume for cellulose fibers,sustainable spinning process and targeted communication between industry and science.In this context,possible research needs have been identified and structural and communication problems,which hinder the implementation,have been worked out.