敦煌吐鲁番文献所见蒙元时期的丝路文学

The Silk Road Literature of the Mongolian-Yuan times in Dunhuang-Turfan Documents

敦煌吐鲁番等地新出土文献,为研究蒙元时期丝绸之路上的文学发展提供依凭。所出土回鹘文、蒙古文文献以韵文为主,多为佛教题材,主要创作于蒙元时期,展现了蒙元时期西北地区佛教文学的风貌;而裕固族民歌则是蒙元时期西北丝绸之路世俗文学的样貌,这些都是元代文学的重要组成部分,佛教文献中的诗体故事是元代敦煌地区讲唱文学的代表,诗体佛经是元代翻译文学的组成部分,敦煌吐鲁番文献还记录了智泉、巙巙等西域文人来往于敦煌和大都之间的行踪,他们是元代丝绸之路文化交流的使者。

The newly unearthed documents in Dunhuang,Turpan and other places provide the basis for the study of the literature development on the Silk Road in the Mongolian-Yuan times.For a long time,we have not seen the clear features of the local literature in the northwest of the Yuan Dynasty.The Old Ui⁃g hur and Mongolian documents unearthed from Dunhuang and Turpan are mostly Buddhist texts,which are mainly created in the Mongolian-Yuan times,embodying the style of Buddhist literature in the north⁃w est of Yuan Dynasty;while the Yugur folk songs are the appearance of the secular literature of the north⁃w est Silk Road in the Mongolian-Yuan times,which are all important parts of the literature of Yuan Dy⁃n asty.The poetic stories in Buddhist documents are representative of the storytelling and singing literature in Dunhuang area.The poetry Buddhist scriptures are the component of the translated literature in Yuan Dynasty.The Dunhuang-Turfan documents also recorded the whereabouts of the Western Region literati,such as Zhiquan and KiKi,who traveled from Dunhuang to Dadu.They were the messengers of cultural ex⁃c hanges on the Silk Road in the Yuan Dynasty.