地铁钢弹簧浮置板轨道减振性能仿真及试验分析

为了研究地铁钢弹簧浮置板轨道的动力特性与减振效果,采用落轴冲击理论进行数值仿真和试验分析。运用ANSYS/LSDYNA软件进行冲击过程的有限元模拟,在实测结果和数值结果对比验证的基础上研究轨道结构的振动特性,并提取钢轨、轨道板、基础的动态响应进行时频域特性分析。结果表明:轮轨冲击产生的振动由钢轨、扣件、道床板传递到基础的过程中,振动响应自上而下逐级递减且衰减明显;落轴高度不影响轨道动力特性分布规律,只影响振动响应的幅值;在2~200 Hz频率范围内,钢弹簧浮置板轨道的平均插入损失为10.3 dB,说明钢弹簧浮置板系统隔振效果显著,浮置板道床具有良好的隔振性能。

In order to study the dynamic characteristics and damping effect of the subway steel spring floating slab track,numerical simulation and experimental analysis were carried out using the falling axle impact theory.The finite element simulation of the impact process is carried out by using ANSYS/LSDYNA software.On the basis of the comparison between the measured results and numerical results,the vibration characteristics of track structure are studied,and the dynamic responses of rail,track plate and foundation are extracted for time-frequency domain analysis.The results show that when the vibration generated by wheel/rail impact is transmitted from the rails,fasteners,and track bed slabs to the foundation,the vibration response of the components gradually decreases and the attenuation is obvious;and the falling shaft height does not affect the distribution law of track dynamic characteristics;it only affects the amplitude of the vibration response.In the frequency range of 2~200 Hz,the average insertion loss of the steel spring floating slab track is 10.3 dB,indicating that the steel spring floating slab system has a significant vibration isolation effect,and the floating slab track bed has good vibration isolation performance.