不完备质量下的报童问题及其评估机制

Newsboy Problem and its Evaluation Mechanism under the Situation with Imperfect Quality

在产品质量不完备的环境下,考虑了需求依赖于质量水平的报童问题。本文主要利用马氏理论刻画质量水平与需求之间关联性的动态演变过程,并将“不完备质量”的决策理念纳入报童问题的理论框架,进而提出了新的随机库存系统的优化模型及其决策机制。同时,利用随机质量过程中的首达性、遍历性、不可约性等基本属性,构建了随机库存系统在运作和管理过程中的可靠性及其收益评估机制。模型的相关结论表明:在不完备质量的环境下,零售商的最优订购决策是由各个质量状态的转移概率所确定,若由质量水平的波动性所导出的随机过程为不可约遍历马氏链时,则库存系统的决策机制具有良好的稳定性。

Under the situation with imperfect quality,we consider the newsboy problem with the demand that is dependent on quality level.In this paper,the dynamic evolution process of the relationships between quality level and demand is characterized by Markovian theorem,and a new optimization model and its decision-making mechanism for stochastic inventory system are proposed by the theoretical framework of newsvendor model with the imperfect quality.Moreover,the fundamental properties in the stochastic process such as first-arrival,ergodicity and irreducibility are used to construct the robustness and evaluation mechanism of profit in the operation and management process for the stochastic inventory system.The relevant conclusion in the model shows that under the situation with imperfect quality,retailer’s optimal order quantity is determined on the transition probability of each quality status,and if a stochastic process derives from fluctuation of quality level which is a ergodic irreducible Markov chain,the decision-making mechanism in the inventory system has a good robustness.