殖民主义与民族身份重构——20世纪非洲法语文学历史考述

Colonialism and Reconstruction of National Identity:A Historical Study of French Language African Literature in the 20th Century

非洲法语文学是法语国家与地区文学的重要组成部分,不论是北非的马格里布,还是撒哈拉以南非洲,法国殖民者的到来都深刻改变了当地民族的文化面貌。两个地区的法语文学都始于法国殖民统治时期,民族身份重构是二者的共同关切,然而由于宗教传统、语言文化和殖民与去殖民进程方面的差异,两地区法语文学呈现出相互关联,却又风格迥异的图景。本文从分析重要作品作家的表现力、影响力入手,紧扣社会历史背景,分别考述马格里布地区和撒哈拉以南非洲地区20世纪法语文学的历史脉络,力图呈现非洲法语文学发展概貌。

French Language African Literature is an important part of the literature of French speaking countries and regions.Whether in the Maghreb of North Africa or in the Sub-Saharan Africa,the arrival of French colonists profoundly changed the cultural landscape outlook of both regions.Their French language literature began with the period of French colonial rule,and the reconstruction of national identity was their common animus.However,due to the differences in religious tradition,language and culture,and the process of colonization and de-colonization,the French language literary creations of the two regions,while interlinked,differed considerably in terms of style,etc.Based on an analysis of the expressiveness and influence of major works and writers,this paper studies the historical context of French literature in the Maghreb region and Sub-Saharan Africa region in the 20th century,and offers a general survey of the development of French language literature in Africa.