有机溶剂纳滤膜的研究现状与展望

Advance in organic solvent nanofiltration membranes

有机溶剂纳滤(OSN)技术在化工与制药等行业的物料分离、药物浓缩与精制、溶剂与催化剂回收等过程中展现出巨大的应用潜力,可大幅度降低分离过程的能耗和碳排放,助力实现"碳达峰、碳中和"的远景目标,正成为膜技术的研究热点之一.耐溶剂膜材料是OSN技术的核心,针对OSN膜存在的溶剂通量小、分离精度低、耐溶胀性能不足等挑战,近年来研究者们取得了诸多重要的进展,包括OSN膜材料的设计与制备、OSN传质模型的探究、OSN膜的工程应用等,对这些研究进展进行了综述与分析,并对OSN膜及其工程应用研究的未来趋势进行展望.未来的基础研究工作应该着力解决膜材料的按需设计与结构调控、溶剂渗透模型与分离机理、膜材料在服役过程中的结构演变与性能退化规律等关键科学问题,为高性能OSN膜材料的设计与制备及其工程应用提供科学指导.

Organic solvent nanofiltration(OSN)technology has shown great application potential in the process of material separation,drug concentration and refining,solvent and catalyst recovery in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.OSN technology can greatly reduce the energy consumption and carbon emissions of the separation process,which could help to achieve the long-term goal of“carbon peak and carbon neutrality”.OSN technology is becoming the key research of next-generation membrane technology.To address the problems of low solvent flux,low separation accuracy,and poor swelling resistance when polymer membranes used in the OSN process,researchers have made many important progress in recent years.This article reviewed these research progress,including the preparation of solvent-resistant membrane materials,the mechanism of solvent mass transfer and separation,and the engineering applications,and aimed to provide insights on the future trends of OSN technology.