宋代国忌浅论

On National Death Day of Song Dynasty

宋代的国忌以太庙中的神主为立忌的基本原则,随着太庙正室内供奉神主的变化,国忌日数也发生着变化。宋代形成了多个皇后配享一位皇帝神主的宗庙格局,一些没有配享太庙的皇太后、皇后也会立忌。南宋时皇后数目较少,皇后去世后都会马上立忌,且皇后神主都会祔太庙。因情制礼、因时制礼,成为宋代皇后祔庙、立忌的参考原则。

The basic principle of the Song Dynasty’s memorial ceremony was the number of deities in the imperial ancestral temple,the number of memorial days changed with the change of he number of deities in the main room of imperial ancestral temple.Many queens enjoy an emperor god in the Song Dynasty,some did not deserve to enjoy the temple of the empress dowager,the queen will also set a taboo.In the Southern Song Dynasty,the number of Queens was relatively small,when the queen died,her death day would immediately be memorialized by the people of this country and her tablet would be placed in the imperial ancestral temple.The reference principle of the temple of empress and the establishment of taboo was making rites according to feeling and time in the Song Dynasty.