保定方言中“揍”的语义及语法化演变

The Semantic and Grammatical Evolution of “Zou(揍)” in Baoding Dialect

运用认知语言学理论,对保定方言“揍”的语义以及语法化演变路径进行分析,讨论其进入“X了”结构的动因。研究发现,“揍”具有明显的语法化路径,主要与注意力视窗的开启与变化有关。“揍”的语义经历了“打(人)”义—“做”义—“打碎”义—“把事情办砸了”(结果义凸显)—不如意语义特征。相对应的句法环境也发生了变化:用作动词,后跟指人宾语—用作动词,后跟指人、物宾语—用作动词,语义成分含有结果义—用作补语成分,凸显结果义—脱离述补结构,能产性有所增加。

The article uses cognitive linguistics to analyze the semantic and grammatical evolution path of “Zou(揍)” in Baoding dialect, and discuss the reasons for its entry into the “X了”structure. The results show that “Zou(揍)” has an obvious grammatical path, which is mainly related to the opening and change of the attention window. The semantics of “Zou(揍)” has experienced the meaning of “beating a person” — the meaning of “doing” — the meaning of “breaking” — “doing things off”(resulting meaning is highlighted) —unsatisfactory semantic features. The corresponding syntactic environment has also changed. It is used as a verb, followed by the object of the person — used as a verb, followed by the object of the person and the object — used as a verb, and the semantic component contains the resultant meaning — used as a complement component to highlight the resultant meaning — break away the supplementary structure and increased productivity.