《中兴间气集》《诗源辩体》对朱湾诗的两极评判及原因探析

The Bipolar Judgments and Analyses of Zhu Wan’s Poems in Zhong Xing Jian Qi Ji and Shi Yuan Bian Ti

《中兴间气集》基于风雅新颖的选诗标准及才性批评的论诗方法,先认可朱湾故作隐逸的行为,再赞赏其诗具有契合隐者身份的脱俗、含蓄优点;而且高仲武肯定大历诗坛的交游风气,所以偏好朱湾的席间应酬之作。《诗源辩体》基于律诗以初盛唐为典范,大历趋于衰变的贯通诗学视野,以初盛唐诗为参照凸显朱湾诗的语言浅俗之弊;而且许学夷反感交游权贵,故而鄙夷朱湾的席间之作,同时借贬斥朱湾诗,表达了对公安派俚俗倾向的批判。探析《中兴间气集》《诗源辩体》对朱湾诗的两极化评判,可窥见二者不同的诗学观念。

Based on the elegant and novel standards of poetry selection and talent criticism,Zhong Xing Jian Qi Ji first acknowledged Zhu Wan’s pretended hermit’s behavior,then praised Zhu Wan’s poems for its transcendent and implicit advantages.And Gao Zhongwu affirmed the social atmosphere of the Dali periodparnassus,so he preferred Zhu Wan’s courtesy poems.Based on the perspective that the poetry of the early Tang Dynasty was the model and Dali tended to decay,Shi Yuan Bian Ti analyzed the shortcoming of the language of Zhu Wan’s poems by comparing them with the early Tang Dynasty.Moreover,Xu Xueyi was not satisfied with flattering nobles,so he denied Zhu Wan’courtesy poems.At the same time,by disparaging Zhu Wan’s poems,he expressed his criticism of the Gong’an school’s vulgar writing tendency.By analyzing the bipolar judgments of Zhu Wan’s poems in Zhong Xing Jian Qi Ji and Shi Yuan Bian Ti,we can see their different poetics ideas.