论老子道的“反”性——返还、反复、相反之争

The“Anti”Nature in Laozi’s Theory of Tao——Return,Repetition and Opposite Dispute

道是老子最核心的范畴,然而“反者道之动”一句表示道是以“反”的形式进行运动的。由于前人并没有联系道的发展规律,所以“反”一词的含义自古以来便存在“相反”“返还”“反复”三意之争。文章通过对前人研究的比对并联系道的发展规律,发现道之“反”的三个含义是合一的、互通的、同质的,“反”也囊括了道的“弱”性,老子哲学对于对立事物的转化条件为“极”(极限)。

Tao is the core category of Laozi.However,the idea,“the movement of the anti-Tao”,means that Tao moves in the form of“anti”.Since predecessors did not relate to the development law of Tao,there has been a dispute over the meaning of“oppositeness”,“return”and“repetition”since ancient times.Through the comparison of previous studies and the development law of Tao,this paper finds that the three meanings of“anti”of Tao are unified,interconnected and homogeneous;“anti”also includes the“weakness”of Tao,and the transformation condition of Laozi’s philosophy for opposite things is the“pole”(limit).