新型尿路感染标志物在临床上的应用及前景

Clinical applications and prospects in new markers of urinary tract infection

尿路感染(UTI)是一种多由单一细菌侵入尿路上皮所致的临床常见疾病,可伴有尿频尿急,也可表现为无症状性菌尿和(或)脓尿等。成年男女发病比率约为1:9。有报道称至少20%女性曾患UTI,尤其在性生活活跃期及绝经后多见。近年来由于导管技术日渐成熟,患病人群分布逐渐呈现年轻化态势。目前诊断尿路感染金标准仍然是清洁中段尿培养,但因培养周期问题往往导致结果滞后于诊疗。所以,探索出一系列兼具诊断敏感性和特异性的生物标志物格外重要。本文就"New biomarker""UTI"为关键词搜索Pubmed及中国知网近10年相关文献,评价了以下几种有前景的新型标志物。

Urinary tract infection(UTI) is a common clinical disease caused by the invasion of a single bacterium into the epithelium of the urinary tract,accompanied by urinary frequency and urgency,or asymptomatic bacteriuria and/or pyuria. The incidence ratio of adult male to female is approximately 1:9. It has been reported that at least 20% of women have had UTIs,especially during the sexually active period and after menopause. In recent years,the distribution of the affected population is gradually becoming younger due to the increasing maturity of catheterization technology. The gold standard for the diagnosis of urinary tract infection is still midstream clean-catch urine culture,but the culture cycle issues often cause results to lag behind the treatment. Therefore,it is particularly important to explore a series of biomarkers with both diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. In this paper,relevant literatures in PubMed and CNKI in the past 10 years for"new biomarker"and"UTI"as key words are searched,and the following promising new markers are evaluated.