基于韧性提升的医疗卫生设施布局优化研究——以上海为例

Research on Layout Optimization of Medical and Health Facilities Based on Resilience Improvement

“韧性”具有全过程、多尺度、多领域的属性,基于这一理念来优化医疗卫生设施布局,能更好地应对常态化疫情防控以及未来新的公共卫生事件。以上海这一超特大城市近年来的实践为例,围绕当前医疗卫生设施防养环节相对滞后、基层与郊区相对薄弱、总量冗余度有所不足等问题,提出“夯实两端,优化‘防、治、养’一体的服务体系”“重心下移,完善多样化、精细化的社区健康服务网络,支撑完整社区建设”“平战结合,提高城市资源的医疗卫生应急保障能力”“标准创新,为医疗卫生设施规划建设提供技术支撑”等策略。上海医疗卫生设施在时间维度、空间维度和系统维度上的韧性提升,将为全国常态化疫情防控背景下医疗卫生设施布局优化提供借鉴。

Resilience has the attributes of whole process,multi-scale and multi field.Based on this concept,optimizing the layout of medical and health facilities can better deal with normalized epidemic prevention and control and new public health events in the future.Taking the practice of Shanghai as an example,focusing on the problems such as the lag of prevention and maintenance links of medical and health facilities,the weakness of grass-roots and rural areas,and the lack of total redundancy,This study proposes:first,optimizing the strategy of the service system of"prevention,treatment and maintenance";second,improve the diversified and refined community health service network to support the construction of a complete community;third,improve the medical and health emergency support capacity of urban resources through the"combination of peacetime and wartime";The fourth,provide technical support for the planning and construction of medical and health facilities through standard innovation.The improvement of the resilience of medical and health facilities in Shanghai in time,space and system dimensions will provide benefits for the optimization of the layout of health facilities under the national normalized epidemic prevention and control.