非洲猪瘟疫苗研究进展

Research Progress of African Swine Fever Vaccine

非洲猪瘟(African swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)引起的家猪和野猪的急性、出血性传染病,强毒株感染猪的致死率接近100%,给养猪业造成巨大经济损失。ASFV在猪群中可以快速有效传播,在环境中可稳定存在,为ASF的防控带来了挑战。研究人员一直致力于ASF疫苗的研究,迄今为止,仍没有有效的疫苗投入市场。综述了ASF灭活疫苗、减毒活疫苗、亚单位疫苗、DNA疫苗、病毒活载体疫苗的研究情况,以期为ASF疫苗的有效研发提供参考。

African swine fever(ASF)is an acute and hemorrhagic infectious disease caused by the African swine fever virus(ASFV)in farmed pigs and wild boars.Pigs infected with a highly virulent ASFV strain have a near 100%mortality rate,resulting in massive economic losses for the pig industry.ASFV spreads quickly and effectively in pigs and persists in the environment,posing challenges for prevention and control of ASF.The development of ASF vaccine has been a priority for researchers.There hasn′t been a successful vaccine on the market yet.In order to give a reference for successful research and development of ASF vaccine,this paper reviewed the current research status of ASF inactivated vaccine,live attenuated vaccine,subunit vaccine,DNA vaccine,and live viral vector vaccine.