论壮族娅王信仰文化的实质与价值

ON THE ESSENCE AND VALUE OF ZHUANG PEOPLE'S YAWANG(GODDESS)BELIEF CULTURE

娅王信仰是壮族及其先民在历史的发展过程中形成的一项古老文化。民间传说,娅王是无所不知、无所不能的大神。广大妇女每年都会自发举行“唱娅王”活动追忆娅王的历史功绩,赞颂娅王的伟大精神,祈求娅王的帮助和保佑。在前人研究基础上可发现,娅王是壮族地区最初的创世女神姆六甲地位衰落后的另一种神格,即娅王的原型是姆六甲,是姆六甲失去创世神格后的女神。“唱娅王”仪式不属于严格意义上传统巫文化的范畴,而是一项借助巫的表现手法来追忆和唱诵创世女神功绩的民俗活动,其中的唱词不是简单的巫辞,而是一部口传史诗。娅王信仰文化是壮族先民留下的珍贵遗产,不仅具有深厚的历史文化价值,而且具有突出的现实意义。

Yawang belief is an ancient culture formed by Zhuang ethnic group and the ancestors in their historical development process.According to folklore,Yawang is an omniscient and omnipotent goddess.Every year,massive Zhuang women spontaneously hold the ceremony of Singing Yawang to recall Yawang's historical achievements,to praise YaWang's great spirit,and to pray for her help and blessing.On the basis of previous studies,it can find that Yawang is actually another kind of divine personality after the decline of the original creation goddess Muliujia in Zhuang area,which means that the prototype of Yawang is Muliujia,and Yawang is the goddess after Muliujia has lost the creation divine personality.Therefore,the ceremony of Singing Yawang does not belong to the category of traditional witch culture in a strict sense,rather,it is a folk custom activity to recall and recite the achievements of the creation goddess by borrowing the expression methods of witches.The lyrics in the singing is not simple witch's words,but an oral epic.The Yawang belief culture is a precious heritage left by Zhuang ancestors,which not only has profound historical and cultural value but also prominent realistic significance.