恐慌、谣言、谎言:重大突发疫情舆论传播的内在心理驱动与管控

Panic, Rumors, and Lies: The Internal Psychological Drive and Control of the Spread of Public Opinion in a Major Outbreak

重大突发疫情引发的恐慌、谣言、谎言既具有一般性,也具有特殊性。重大突发疫情产生的恐慌具有突发性、应急性。因重大突发疫情而产生的恐慌性谣言、谎言有其形式和内容上的特殊性。重大突发疫情的恐慌类型决定和影响谣言、谎言传播的形式和内容。谣言、谎言对社会都具有不同程度的危害性,但也需要辩证分析。谣言和谎言具有一定程度的道德性,具有责任伦理的特征。对重大突发疫情产生的恐慌、谣言、谎言及其舆论要实行道德性、法治性管控,因此建立自由、公开、透明的问责体制与机制显得十分迫切和必要。

Panic, rumors, and lies caused by major outbreaks are both general and specific. Due to the sudden and emergent nature of the panic caused by those outbreaks, the resulting rumors and lies are specific both in forms and contents. The spread of such rumors and lies are determined and affected by the panic type of the major outbreaks. While those rumors and lies have varying degrees of harm to society, they also need to be analyzed dialectically. Due to their degree of morality and the characteristics of responsibility, it is necessary and urgent to implement moral and legal control over them and establish a free, open, and transparent accountability system and mechanism.