碳中和背景下的海水制氢路线

Hydrogen Production From Seawater in Context of Carbon Neutrality

海洋是生命之源,如何进行海水资源高效开发利用是人类未来可持续发展的希望。氢能作为低碳时代的最佳能源选择,其在当下能源转型中扮演着重要角色。电解水制氢是公认的绿氢制备方法,然而其能耗以及水资源消耗问题却十分突出。随着风电等可再生能源逐渐深远海化,其导致的电力远距离输送的损耗问题也日益紧张。为了解决上述问题,通过可再生电力与海水淡化制氢以及海水化学资源利用可降低绿氢的综合生产成本,结合目前的海水资源利用技术以及可再生能源发展状况,该技术路线的经济性远大于海水直接电解技术。文章总结分析了目前海水制氢常用的两种方式,分析讨论了实现绿色氢经济的可行性发展方法及应用技术,以期为海水制氢相关研究及产业发展提供合理性参考。

Ocean is the source of life,how to efficiently develop and utilize seawater resources is the hope of sustainable development of human beings in the future.As the best energy choice in the low-carbon era,hydrogen plays an important role in the energy transformation from fossil to green energy.Electrolysis of water is a recognized method of green hydrogen production,but its energy and water consumption are very prominent.With the development of renewable energy,the loss of long-distance transmission of renewable electricity is also becoming more and more serious.To solve the above problems,the comprehensive production cost of green hydrogen can be reduced through renewable electricity coupled with seawater hydrogen production after desalination and seawater chemical resource utilization.Combined with the development of seawater resource utilization and renewable energy currently,the economic efficiency of this route is much higher than that of direct seawater electrolysis.This paper summarizes and analyzes two common ways of hydrogen production from seawater at present,discusses the feasible development methods and application technologies to achieve green hydrogen economy,which provides reasonable reference for the relevant research and industrial development of hydrogen production from seawater.